Affiliation:
1. Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma;
2. Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; and
3. Department of Pediatrics, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The prognostic significance and genetic characteristics of H3 K27M–mutant diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) in different anatomical locations requires further clarification. In this study, the authors integrated published data to investigate the differences between brainstem, thalamic, and spinal cord tumors.
METHODS
PubMed and Web of Science databases were used to search for eligible articles. Studies were included if they provided individual patient data of H3 K27M–mutant DMGs with available tumor locations. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to investigate the survival of each subgroup.
RESULTS
Eight hundred four tumors were identified, including 467, 228, and 109 in the brainstem, thalamus, and spine, respectively. Brainstem tumors were primarily observed in young children, while patients with thalamic and spinal cord tumors afflicted older patients. The Ki-67 labeling index was highest in brainstem tumors. Compared to patients with brainstem tumors, those with thalamic (HR 0.573, 95% CI 0.463–0.709; p < 0.001) and spinal cord lesions (HR 0.460, 95% CI 0.341–0.621; p < 0.001) had a significantly better survival. When patients were stratified by age groups, superior overall survival (OS) of thalamic tumors was observed in comparison to brainstem tumors in young children and adolescents, whereas adult tumors had uniform OS regardless of anatomical sites. Genetically, mutations in HIST1H3B/C (H3.1) and ACVR1 genes were mostly detected in brainstem tumors, whereas spinal cord tumors were characterized by a higher incidence of mutations in the TERT promoter.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that H3 K27M–mutant DMGs have distinct clinical characteristics, prognoses, and molecular profiles in different anatomical locations.
Publisher
Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)
Cited by
8 articles.
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