Music Therapy in Educating Children with Developmental Disabilities / Muzikoterapija u procesu obrazovanja djece s teškoćama u razvoju

Author:

Katušić Ana,Burić Ksenija

Abstract

Music therapy acts as a separate discipline in the interdisciplinary field of science and art. Unlike music education, music therapy is aimed at developing and enhancing non-musical skills by using music as a symbol of emotional and personal growth. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the theoretical foundations of music therapy in the field of human psychology and music pedagogy, as well as the development of music therapy models that have arisen from these theoretical approaches. The most commonly used music therapy models in special education are based on improvisational music therapy techniques, which include free improvisation therapy, creative music therapy known as the Nordoff-Robbins model, and Orff music therapy. Improvisation in these models plays a key role during the acquisition and promotion of skills. Using sounds, playing instruments, making music here and now, allows for expression and exploration, and enables children to acquire skills in different developmental domains. Finally, the paper offers an overview of the use of music therapy in education of children with developmental disabilities educating developmentally disabled children, its unique features and connections with the education through music approach, in accordance with the set-up goals of the Individual Education Plan.Key words: Individual Education Plan; music therapy; improvisational models; education; children with developmental disabilities. --- Muzikoterapija djeluje kao zasebna disciplina u interdisiciplinarnom području znanosti i umjetnosti. Za razliku od glazbenoga obrazovanja, muzikoterapija je usmjerena prema razvoju i jačanju neglazbenih vještina koristeći glazbu kao simbol emocionalnoga i osobnoga rasta. Svrha je ovoga rada prikazati pregled teorijskih osnova muzikoterapije na području humanističke psihologije i glazbene pedagogije, kao i razvoj modela muzikoterapije koji su proizašli iz navedenih teorijskih pravaca. Modeli muzikoterapije koji se najčešće koriste u procesu obrazovanja djece s teškoćama u razvoju zasnivaju se na improvizacijskim tehnikama muzikoterapije, a obuhvaćaju: terapiju slobodnom improvizacijom, kreativnu muzikoterapiju poznata kao Nordoff-Robbins model i Orff muzikoterapiju. Improvizacija u ovim modelima ima ključnu ulogu tijekom usvajanja i poticanja vještina. Korištenje  zvukova, sviranje instrumenata, stvaranje glazbe ovdje i sada, omogućava izražavanje i istraživanje, a djeci pruža mogućnost samoostvarenja na različitim razvojnim područjima. Naposljetku u radu se nudi prikaz primjene muzikoterapije u obrazovanju djece s teškoćama u razvoju, njegove jedinstvenosti te poveznice u odnosu na pristup obrazovanja kroz glazbu sukladno postavljenim ciljevima Individualnog edukacijskog plana.Ključne riječi: Individualni edukacijski plan; muzikoterapija; improvizacijski modeli; obrazovanje; djeca s teškoćama u razvoju

Publisher

Faculty of Teacher Education, University of Zagreb

Subject

Education

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