FROM PATHOPHYSIOLOGY TO POTENTIAL INTERVENTIONS: INVESTIGATING THE INTRICATE DYNAMICS OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME, AGING, AND FERTILITY

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age-related decline in fertility are complex issues affecting women’s reproductive health. This review aims to explore the intricate dynamics between PCOS, aging, and fertility, and examine potential interventions for improved clinical outcomes. It delves into the pathophysiology of PCOS, highlighting hormonal imbalances, metabolic disturbances, and the impact on ovarian function and follicular development. Concurrently, age-related changes in female fertility are discussed, including ovarian reserve decline, hormonal shifts, and alterations in egg quality and uterine environment. Emphasizing the overlapping mechanisms, shared pathways are elucidated such as hormonal dysregulation, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and inflammation. Additionally, the clinical implications of diagnosing and managing PCOS in aging women are addressed, as well as fertility preservation options and assisted reproductive techniques. Furthermore, potential interventions and therapeutic strategies are explored, encompassing lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and emerging technologies. By comprehensively reviewing the current evidence and research gaps, this article provides valuable insights into the interplay between PCOS, aging, and fertility, paving the way for optimized clinical approaches and future advancements.