CLINICAL FEATURES OF LATE-ONSET SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations and a relapsing-remitting course. The peak incidence of SLE occurs during the reproductive years; however, it can develop at any age. Late-onset SLE, which is diagnosed at age 50 or older, accounts for approximately 20% of all SLE cases. The comparison between late-onset SLE patients and their early-onset counterparts has revealed distinct differences in clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and mortality rates. Late-onset SLE patients exhibit lower frequencies of mucocutaneous, renal, hematological, and neuropsychiatric symptoms but higher rates of serositis, peripheral polyneuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, and pulmonary involvement. Additionally, they experience a greater burden of comorbidities and increased mortality rates. Here, we review the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and mortality of patients with late-onset SLE.