Self-Monitoring Physical Activity, Diet, and Weight among Adults Who are Legally Blind: An Exploratory Investigation (Preprint)

Abstract

Obesity is a global pandemic. Lifestyle approaches have been shown effective for weight loss and weight loss maintenance. Central to these evidence-based approaches are increased physical activity, decreased caloric intake, and regular self-weighing, along with the tracking of these behaviors.

This descriptive exploratory report examines accessible strategies used to track physical activity, diet, and weight among adults who are legally blind. These health behaviors are essential components to evidence-based weight loss programs.

Participants (≥ 18 years) who self-identified as being legally blind were recruited from low vision advocacy groups. They completed a series of telephone administered surveys and an in-person visit for height and weight assessment.

The participants (N=18) had an average age of 31.2(SD=13.4) years, 50% were normal weight (BMI 18.5 to 25), 44% were female, 44% were Black, and 39% were Non-Hispanic White. Most participants (89%) used their smart phone to access the internet daily, and 67% had at least 150 mins/week of exercise. Those tracking health behaviors were using electronic notes, smart phones, and apps. Providing individuals with a talking scale was the most consistent recommendation (66%) to facilitate independence in managing weight through lifestyle changes.

Greater attention is needed to ensure accessibility of weight loss programs. Further efforts are needed to provide those with low vision accessible support for lifestyle-based weight management.