Skin-Lightening Product Use Among South Asian Americans: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

Abstract

Despite their potential for adverse health effects, skin-lightening products remain popular among South Asian Americans.

This study investigates attitudes toward skin tone and the prevalence and adverse effects of skin-lightening product use among South Asian Americans.

We conducted a cross-sectional study, recruiting and surveying 175 women or nonbinary individuals meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) lived in the United States, (2) identified as South Asian, and (3) were raised by parents born in South Asian countries.

Of the 175 participants, 55 (31%) respondents used a skin-lightening product before. Parental pressure to use skin-lightening products and decreased time spent in the United States were significantly associated with skin-lightening product use (odds ratio [OR] 8.51, 95% CI 3.33-21.78, <i>P</i>&lt;.001, and OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.96, <i>P</i>=.03, respectively). Although only 6 of the 55 (11%) users reported being aware of the potential side effects of skin-lightening products, 33 (60%) reported adverse effects, with acne, skin sensitivity, and dry skin being the most common. Users and nonusers equally endorsed statements associating lighter skin with increased attractiveness (<i>P</i>=.31), marriageability (<i>P</i>=.94), social status (<i>P</i>=.98), self-esteem (<i>P</i>=.73), and respect received from others (<i>P</i>=.74).

The use of skin-lightening products among South Asian Americans is common and linked to social and psychological factors. Parental pressure and cultural beauty standards may play a significant role in perpetuating this practice. This study highlights the need for educational campaigns about the potential health risks associated with skin-lightening and increased efforts to challenge harmful beauty standards.