Understanding adolescents’ experiences with menstrual pain to inform the user-centred design of a mindfulness-based app : A mixed-methods investigation (Preprint)

Abstract

Digital interventions are increasingly popular for the provision of non-pharmacological pain interventions, but few exist for adolescents with menstrual pain. User-centred design involves incorporating users across phases of digital health intervention design, development, and implementation, and leads to improved user engagement and outcomes. A needs assessment is the first step of this approach.

The goal of this study was to conduct a needs assessment to understand menstrual pain management needs and preferences; and mindfulness experiences, preferences and knowledge of adolescents with menstrual pain and to inform the development of an app.

Adolescents aged 13-17 completed a survey (n=111) or participated in a focus groups (n = 16). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis.

Adolescents reported a moderate understanding of mindfulness and menstrual pain. Most (78.4%) practiced some form of mindfulness. Teens had a moderate level of interest in using a mindfulness app for their period pain. Themes were generated related to mindfulness experiences, menstrual pain knowledge and experiences, and app. These themes underscored adolescents’ need for continue support and flexible access to mindfulness; their awareness of multiple influences to pain, yet potential for further education in this area; and the need for menstrual pain specific content, along with content relevant to typical day-to-day experiences of adolescents.

Adolescents with menstrual pain have interest in using a mindfulness app for pain yet have unique needs that need to be addressed to ensure app engagement and relevance for this population. Concrete recommendations for future app development are provided.