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In this study, we examined the changes in global online public interest in various infectious diseases during the COVID-19 epidemic using Google Trends. To ensure research accuracy, we categorized infectious diseases into two groups: respiratory infections and sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections. The findings indicated a significant initial decline in the global population's search interest in other infectious diseases during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, during the later phase of the pandemic wave, the global online public interest in most infectious diseases presented gradual or even exponential growth. To the best of our knowledge, this study represented the first investigation into the global online public interest in multiple significant infectious diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study highlighted the changes in global online public interest toward various other infectious diseases, emphasizing the importance for governments worldwide to remain vigilant in response to the outbreak of additional infectious diseases.