Effective Use of Mobile Electronic Medical Records by Medical Interns in Real Clinical Settings: Mixed Methods Study

Abstract

Background In South Korea, most graduated medical students undertake a 1-year internship before beginning residency and specialization. Interns usually work in a tertiary hospital and rotate between different, randomly assigned departments to be exposed to different medical specialties. Their jobs are mostly simple and repetitive but are still essential for the patient care process. However, owing to the lack of experience and overwhelming workload, interns at tertiary hospitals in South Korea are usually inefficient, often delaying the entire clinical process. Health care providers have widely adopted mobile electronic medical records (mEMRs) as they have been shown to improve workflow efficiency. Objective This study investigates the association between the frequency of mEMR usage and the clinical task completion interval time among interns in a tertiary hospital. Methods This mixed methods study was conducted at the Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. Interns who worked at the Samsung Medical Center from March 2018 to February 2019 were included. The hospital electronic medical record (EMR) system known as DARWIN (Data Analysis and Research Window for Integrated kNowledge) was launched with PC and mobile. Both versions are actively used in hospitals by personnel in various positions. We collected the log data from the mEMR server and the intern clinical task time-series data from the EMR server. Interns can manage the process of identifying patients, assigning the clinical task, finishing the requested clinical intern tasks, etc, through the use of the mEMR system. We compared the clinical task completion interval among 4 groups of interns divided by the mEMR frequency quantile. Then, System Usability Score (SUS) questionnaires and semistructured interviews were conducted. Results The regular mEMR users were defined as those who logged in more than once a day on average and used the mEMR until the level after login. Among a total of 87 interns, 84 used the mEMR to verify the requested clinical tasks. The most frequently used item was “Intern task list.” Analysis of the 4 intern groups revealed an inverse relationship between the median time of the task completion interval and the frequency of mEMR use. Correlation analysis showed that the intern task completion time interval had a significant inverse relationship with the individual frequency of mEMR usage (coefficient=-0.27; 95% CI -0.46 to -0.04; P=.02). In the additional survey, the mean SUS value was 81.67, which supported the results of the data analysis. Conclusions Our findings suggest that frequent mEMR use is associated with improved work efficiency in hospital interns with good usability of the mEMR. Such finding supports the idea that the use of mEMR improves the effectiveness and workflow efficiency of interns working in hospitals and, more generally, in the context of health care.