Congestion Control in Wireless Sensor Network using HEED Protocol

Abstract

Tens or thousands of sensor nodes are usually deployed in WSN, dispersed in an area with one or more sinks. In addition, several multi-path routing protocols have been proposed to achieve reliability and load balancing. But these protocols limitation is overhead traffic. Thus, congestion is more likely to occur in this situation. HEED (Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, and Distributed) it is a popular distributed clustering protocol in which gives energy and communication costs in a probabilistic manner to elect Cluster Heads (CHs). This paper uses blurred logic and a non-probabilistic approach to CH elections to improve the HEED protocol. To elect CHs, the protocol uses the remaining energy of the node. In contrast, the probabilistic HEED model for the choice of tentative CHs is eliminated by introducing delays for each node, inversely proportional to the residual energy of the node. Provisional CHs are therefore selected on the basis of priority. Here we are performing the comparison of our approach with LEACH (Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) protocol. Simulation results show that in terms of network lifetime and also cluster formation, our approach performs better than LEACH.