ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF NERVE CONDUCTION IN DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION PATIENTS OF TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF CENTRAL INDIA

Abstract

Objectives: Nerve conduction studies (NCS) are electrophysiological tools used to assess the whole perseverance of the cranial and peripheral nervous systems; consequently, NCS seems to be diagnostically advantageous in the documentation and categorization of disorders concerning nerve roots, peripheral nerves, muscle, and neuromuscular junction, and are often complemented by needle electromyography. Hence, the current research was aimed to evaluate the electrophysiological nerve conduction among cases through diabetes and hypertension (HTN). Methods: This prospective study was achieved with the cases attending the Department of Physiology, NSCB Medical College, after obtaining ethical clearance from the institution and the consent forms from all the patients, we have enrolled 165 patients on total, which grouped into three groups: Group Diabetes Mellitus [DM] = 55, Group HTN (Hypertension) = 55, and Group DM+ HTN (Diabetes with HTN) = 55. Patients willing to enroll for the study of either sex, of aged between 30 and 79 years with clinical and laboratory evidence of disorder, were included in the study. Results: The mean duration for DM patients was 7.00±6.99 and for DM+HTN patients was 8.0±5.66 which was observed as statistically significant (p<0.0001). The observed fluctuations in the temperature as well as blood sugar showed statistically significant among the groups (p<0.0001). The variables, namely, median nerve, ulnar nerve, peroneal nerve, tibial nerve, and sural nerve sensory showed statistically significant among the groups (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The hypertensive cases with diabetes have provocatively abnormal NCV parameters when compared with hypertensive cases without diabetes and cases with diabetes alone.