THE PNEUMOCOCCAL CAPSULAR SWELLING REACTION, STUDIED WITH THE AID OF THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

Author:

Mudd Stuart1,Heinmets Ferdinand1,Anderson Thomas F.1

Affiliation:

1. From the Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, and the Eldridge Reeves Johnson Foundation for Medical Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and the Research Laboratories of the RCA Manufacturing Company, Camden, New Jersey

Abstract

Electron micrographs indicate, in harmony with previous findings, that the pneumococcal capsule is a gel of low density outside of and closely applied to the bacterial cell wall. Interaction with homologous immune rabbit serum greatly increases the thickness and density of this capsular gel; the increase in thickness of the specifically swollen pneumococcal capsule may exceed by 25-fold the thickness of the surface deposit caused by rabbit immune serum on the cell walls and flagella of homologous non-capsulated bacteria. Conclusions drawn from these and earlier data are that homologous immune serum permeates the pneumococcal capsular gel; the specific antibody combines with the capsular polysaccharide; non-specific serum components are secondarily adsorbed to or combined with the specific antigen-antibody complex. The relatively low antibacterial titers characteristic of pneumococcal antisera can be explained in part by the permeation of the capsule by antiserum, in part by the high combining capacity of pneumococcal carbohydrate for antibody (17).

Publisher

Rockefeller University Press

Subject

Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

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1. Fc receptors act as innate immune receptors during infection?;Frontiers in Immunology;2023-07-26

2. Pushing the Bacterial Envelope;Micro- and Nanoengineering of the Cell Surface;2014

3. The electron microscope enters the realm of the intact cell.;Journal of Experimental Medicine;1995-03-01

4. Visualization of the Bacterial Polysaccharide Capsule;Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology;1990

5. Ultrastructural localization of capsules, cell wall polysaccharide, cell wall proteins, and F antigen in pneumococci;Infection and Immunity;1988-08

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