Immunohistochemistry in Gynecologic Pathology: An Example-Based Practical Update

Abstract

Context.— Immunohistochemical stains are routinely applied in the pathology diagnostic workup of gynecologic lesions. The rapidly expanding repertoire of available markers helps in refining the diagnostic criteria for each disease entity; however, limitations and pitfalls exist. Objective.— To provide a practical, relevant update on the use of immunohistochemistry for commonly encountered differential diagnoses in gynecologic pathology. Data Sources.— Literature review and authors' diagnostic experience. Conclusions.— Immunohistochemistry is a helpful adjunct tool in gynecologic pathology. Although the primary application is in the diagnostic workup, novel prognostic and predictive markers, and immunostains to screen for genetic cancer syndromes, have also been recently introduced in the field.