ECONOMIC METHODS AND LEGAL TOOLS FOR MANAGING ECOLOGICAL SECURITY OF THE CITY

Abstract

The article explores the possible ways of managing ecological security of the city based on the use of economic methods and legal tools. It was determined that the urbanization has a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to make decisions on managing ecological security of the city. The management of city’s ecological security includes both functional (planning, organization, financing, coordination, control) and situational (decision-making to stabilize the environment in emergency and crisis situations) aspects. In this case, the corresponding economic methods and legal tools are used. They aim at motivating or forcing the economic entities to plan and finance environmental protection measures in the city. To do this, the methods of economic regulation (taxation, lending, subsidizing, provision of subsidies and benefits, imposition of fines) are used. The economic methods are included in the economic mechanism for managing the ecological security of the city. This mechanism is connected with the legal mechanism for regulating environmental protection activities in the city. The legal mechanism includes legal tools (legislative acts, industry regulations, decisions and orders made by local authorities) for managing environmental security. The choice of economic methods and legal tools depends much on internal and external factors, principles of distribution of responsibility for caused environmental damage, the need to coordinate the interests of the process actors with the management of ecological security of the city. To promote environmental safety in the city the environmental projects, environmental cooperation, and environmental entrepreneurship are of great importance. Their implementation and development are carried out using the economic methods and legal tools. At the same time, both the environmental assessment of projects and the assessment of social consequences of the decisions are made. Besides, the changes in the economic and legal regulation of economically safe development of the city also should be justified on economic grounds. The most important condition for this is the coherence of economic methods and legal tools. This coherence is possible due to the availability of information support, the development of which should become the subject of further research.