MIGRATION SECURITY OF THE STATE AS A BASIS FOR PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL OF UKRAINIAN ECONOMY

Abstract

The great geopolitical redistribution at the end of the last century caused a change in the perception of migration and its role in the development of post-industrial society. It was the time when the security paradigm of modern migration processes crystallized. The dynamics and consequences of migration in the world form an objective need to regard migration security as an independent component of the national security system and to provide for its institutional formalization. Conceptual pluralism in the field of migration security is due to the ambiguous interpretation of the very phenomenon of migration and to its multifaceted manifestations. The authors’ position involves understanding the concept of migration security as a state when national interests in the field of migration are protected from the influence of real and potential threats, and ensuring such a state – as a priority task for the system of state and non-state institutions that take coordinated measures to satisfy and protect these interests. Important aspects in migration security studies are the nature and vectors of migration processes influence. The influence depends on the type and form of migration activity, the type of society in relation to the migration resource (donor countries, recipient countries, transit countries, mixed-type countries), the level of dependence on external migration, the degree of regulation of these processes, the degree of socioeconomic systems resilience. It is substantiated that the security potential of Ukraine is directly related to the level of migration risks and threats (along with other factors), and the competitiveness of the economy is determined by its intellectual and personnel potential. Draining of the class of intellectuals leads to the backwardness of society, a decrease in the growth rate and social tensions. Ukraine is a vivid example of such a situation, and with the beginning of full-scale war, migration risks have transformed into real threats. Minimizing threats and enhancing positive migration effects are necessary components of the policy of ensuring the civilized countries’ national security in conditions of instability. This duality is required by modern migration and humanitarian crises, which form new security challenges in the world, and migration security itself acquires existential significance.