PARADIGM OF ECONOMICS AND THE POTENTIAL FOR ITS CHANGES IN THE XXI CENTURY

Abstract

Changes in the paradigm of economics are viewed as a response to the systemic transformations of the economy at the beginning of the XXI century. The potential for paradigm change is understood as the level of readiness and capacity of modern economics for paradigmatic shifts. At the same time, the change of the scientific paradigm is determined both by the internal potential of science itself and by the potential influence of the external socio-economic environment. The authors' understanding of the essence and structural components of the paradigm of economics in the XXI century is represented. In the context of the problem of mono-/polyparadigmality of economics, the essence of the paradigmatic complex is defined on the basis of criterion application of three fundamental categorical types: ontological, epistemological and axiological. The main normative tenets of the currently dominant neoclassical paradigm as the mainstream of economics are revealed from the standpoint of critical attitude to them. The central anomaly of the neoclassical paradigm is the de facto denial of the "value" as a category. The architecture of the modern financial system dominated by virtual financial assets, which are "detached" from assessment of their real value, successfully "works", according to neoclassicists, without the category of "value". It is proved that scientific economic research in its reality cannot but use quantitative scientometric models, which should be based on the category of "value". Value is the primary ontological foundation of economics. The interpretation of potential possibilities of paradigmatic renewal of modern economics is suggested taking into account corresponding objective changes in global social and economic development. The necessity of paradigmatic overcoming the isolation of micro- and macroeconomics, expanding the use of empirical analytical methods and their formalized interpretation based on the use of artificial intelligence in research, improving the management of complex socio-economic systems based on forecasting their development is substantiated.