STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SECTOR IN THE CREATIVE ECONOMY SYSTEM OF THE EU COUNTRIES: EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE

Abstract

One of the major factors to form a creative economy in the EU countries and Ukraine is the development of the information and communication sector (ICS). The purpose of the article is to evaluate the structural transformation peculiarities of the ICS in the EU countries in the conditions of forming and developing the creative economy and to determine the chief directions of adaptation of this experience to the social and economic situation in Ukraine. Scientific methods of induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, statistical evaluation of variation, and multiple econometric modelling are used. The author has specified that the ICS contributes to the formation of the creative economy in Ukraine and the EU countries, based on a gradual increase in the share of this sector in output and employment in 2008–2020. The scientific and methodological approach to evaluating of structural changes in the ICS as a component of the creative economy has been formed including: a comparative analysis of the dynamics of output (% of GDP) and employment (% of total) in the ICS between the EU countries and Ukraine; determining the features of spatial differentiation based on calculating the scope of variation, sample variance and coefficient of variation for the main social and economic indicators of ICS; and identifying factors that affect output of the ICS (% of GDP) by means of the multiple regression analysis. In 2008–2020, the existence of different dynamics of the sector’s impact on the development of creative economy in the EU countries is substantiated via the increase in the value of variation in terms of output (% of GDP) and employment (% of total). According to the results of multiple regression analysis, the author has found out the factors influencing the output of the ICS in the EU countries, which include the current social and economic situation in the country, and the amount of expenditures on R&D and on unemployment. Taking into account the experience of the EU countries, it is important for Ukraine to encourage economic activities in the ICS, which are based on structural reforms.