Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after a kidney transplantation: based on literature review and own clinical case

Abstract

This article discusses the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after a kidney transplantation on the background of immunosuppressive therap. It’s the example of a clinical case. Based on the literature review, it is known that progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a progressive demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which is caused by reactivation of the latent JC virus; such reactivation usually occurs in immunodeficient conditions. In the clinical case, the appearance of this disease was demonstrated and its severe and potentially fatal multifocal lesion of the white matter of the brain was proved. The disease was developed on the background of immunosuppressive therapy after a history of kidney transplantation. The understanding of the clinical course of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, the absence of specific neurological manifestations and course were expanded. It is noted that MRI results in addition to the clinical picture and anamnestic data help to establish the diagnosis of PML and make a differential diagnosis. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy have an unfavorable prognosis.