1D and 2D polaritons in macroporous silicon structures with nano-coatings

Abstract

In this paper, we used high-resolution IR absorption spectra to investigate 1D and 2D polaritons in periodical 2D macroporous silicon structures with nano-coatings of SiO2 and CdS, ZnO nanoparticles. The application of high-resolution IR absorption spectroscopy resulted in detection of dipole-active TO vibrations, photon splitting and giant two-polar absorption oscillations with amplitudes of ±107arb.un. As a result, the dispersion law in yz surfaces of macropores change to z direction along macropores. It means additional degree of freedom as vertically polarized light in z direction and horizontally polarized light in x direction resulted in beams splitting and two-photon interference - Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. In our case, 2D resonances of Wannier-Stark electro-optical effect in yz plane correspond to constructive interference of the two-photon states (bosonic behavior), and two-polar resonances in ±z direction are determined by destructive interference of the two-photon states (fermionic behavior). Two-polar oscillations of 1D -polaritons have the ultra-small half-width 0.4–0.6 сm–1 and minimal Rabi frequency of samples 1.0 сm–1 equaled to the resolution of spectral measurements. Furthermore, two-photon interference and 1D polaritons are perspective for high-coherent optical quantum computers on macroporous silicon with nano-coatings and, in addition, for lasers and new metamaterials.