Use of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Agriculture: European Experience and Application in Ukraine

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are used in various sectors of the national economy, in particular in agriculture. The purpose of the research is to consider the essence and directions of application of AI technologies in agriculture. These technologies are used in various branches of agriculture: detection of plant diseases, classification and identification of weeds, determination and counting of fruits, management of water resources and soil, forecasting of weather (climate), determination of animal behavior. AI technologies used in agriculture have a number of significant features. First of all, these are software and technical means. AI technologies perform an intellectual function when performing work in agriculture, which consists in making abstract conclusions, recognizing patterns, taking actions in conditions of incomplete information, showing creativity, and the ability to self-learn. The strengths of the use of AI technologies include increasing labor productivity in the agricultural sector, increasing the efficiency of management decisions, as well as increasing access to information, expanding human opportunities in the workplace and the emergence of new professions. The main opportunities are related to various technical breakthroughs, including machine learning, the use of neural networks, big data, etc. This will create additional jobs in high-tech sectors, in particular in programming. AI technologies will allow to optimize the production of food all over the world and reduce the severity of the problem of global hunger. One of the threats to Ukraine lies in the apparent lag behind advanced countries in the development of these technologies for agriculture. The results of the research can be used by the executive authorities when develo¬ping programs for the innovative development of agriculture and technical modernization of the industry.