TO THE QUESTION OF ACTIVATING PREPARATION OF BASALTIC FIBRES AS REINFORCING FILLERS OF POLYMERIC COMPOSITES

Abstract

Technical progress requires new and better structural materials with an improved set of physical and mechanical properties, those capable of working in a wide range of power loads, temperatures, environments, as well as new stronger composite materials, including those based on polypropylene. Considered factors that influence on realization of adhesive contacts in polymeric composition material a "polypropylene – basaltic fibers". As a polymeric matrix for researches was used polypropylene of brand 21030 with the index of fluidity of fusion 2,5-4,0 gs/10 min, by tensile strength of 33,6 МPа, Charpy impact strength 34,7 kJ/m2, that is a crystalline thermoplast proof to the dynamic loading and is characterized an increase inflexibility. In-process used basaltic fibers (BF) that cut on segments a 8-12 mm from the plait of brand (TU U 00292729001-96). Previous preparation of basaltic fibers was executed according to [4] by the method of brief treatment by 0,5 n solution of NaOН. It allows to clean from the surface of fibers of contamination, activate them superficial layers, partly to take off internal tensions. Preparation of surface of fibers was realized the same for her dressing. It is set that the previous activating of surface of basaltic fibers positively influences water 0,5n solution of hydroxide of natrium on the increase of physical and mechanical descriptions of composite on the basis of polypropylene. Use of the preliminary dressed inorfil in composition polymeric composition material, assists the substantial increase of mechanical properties and reliability of exploitation of wares from such material in time and in the conditions of action of higher extreme external factors. The high size of adhesion strength is observed only at the good moistening by fusion of thermoplast of surface of fibers and at his greater area. Therefore was interesting simultaneously to conduct measuring of regional corner of moistening of basaltic fibers fusion of polypropylene depending on the temperature of experiment (Т) and time of self-control (τ) of fibers in fusion. Analysing these, see that regional corner of moistening of basaltic fibers with the increase of temperature (Т) and time of self-control (τ) constantly diminishes fusion of polypropylene, that testifies to the favourable terms of change of these factors at forming of adhesion contact. It is shown that quality of process of activating of surface of basaltic fibers well correlates with the change of indexes "adhesion strength" and "regional corner of moistening" from a temperature and duration of process of moistening. By means of the executed experiments optimal technological parameters were certain for the achievement of maximal size of adhesion strength in the primary system "a polypropylene is the undressed basaltic fibers " : temperature of fusion of 2100С and duration of adhesion contact 15 min. Most rationally to activate a basaltic fibers during three o'clock of 0,5 н. by water solution of NaОН, as after this process the greatest value of adhesion strength (24,9±0,7 МPа) and durability of a treat filament at the level of 97,00 кН, that is higher, than initial durability of basaltic fibers (82,17 кN), is arrived at.