Studying the volumes of industrial waste in Ukraine and substantiating the trends in processing rock masses of Kryvbas waste dumps

Abstract

Analysis of industrial waste in Ukraine and external waste dumps of Kryvyi Rih iron-ore basin was performed, which will help single out and classify them by enclosing rock composition as well as substantiate and develop technological schemes for technogenic object processing. The statistical analysis of the state classifier data by the classified groups of waste was performed; the analysis is the basis for determining dependence of mining waste accumulation on a time factor. The analysis of geometry of Kryvbas technogenic objects made it possible to systematize places of overburden rock accumulations (dumps, worked-out spaces of the mined-out open pits, dams) and their parameters, load-carrying transportation support, and composition of the enclosing rocks. Basic directions for distributing mined rocks of technogenic objects were established. Industrial processes and their corresponding processing equipment were substantiated. The analysis of load-carrying transport flows in the conditions of Kryvbas iron-ore open pits was carried out. It allowed generalizing of certain methods for the formation of technogenic objects and places of accumulation of overburden rock and waste (internal and external waste dumps, tailing dams, worked-out open pits) as well as the enclosing rock composition (mixed and/or selective). A technological scheme for rock mass sorting and processing was developed. Power dependence of the mining waste accumulation accumulation on the time factor was established. A classification of the rock composition of technogenic objects according to the rock structure and physicochemical properties was developed. A technological scheme for processing rock mass from the technogenic areas with the extraction of useful components was developed. The use of innovative equipment in mining industry as a part of magnetic separators to process coarse rock mass helps solve a problem of industrial wastes with the minimal energy and economic costs; it also allows preparing raw material for the mesorelief restoration and land reclamation. The obtained results make it possible to expand the area of technogenic object use, increase the overall mineral mining efficiency, and reduce the environmental impact within the mining regions.