Diagnosis of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV): Review

Abstract

Purpose. Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) causes highly contagious infectious pancreatic necrosis disease in rainbow trout and other salmonids. The limited number of preventive and curative remedies makes diagnosis and monitoring the only appropriate way to control the disease. Therefore, the aim of our work was to analyze the literature on methods of virus identification. Findings. The article presents data on some methods of diagnosis and study of the pathogenesis of infectious pancreatic necrosis. Emphasis is placed on modern molecular biological methods and sets of methods that are recommended for use in the procedure of disease surveillance, including the method of cell culture. Information on polymerase chain reaction methods is widely covered, both in classical modification (RT-PCR) and in real time PCR. Attention is also paid to the latest techniques, such as biosensors and loop isothermal amplification (LAMP). Originality. Data on the diagnosis and study of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus by modern molecular biological methods and disease monitoring are summarized. Promising ways to identify the virus in aquaculture farms in situ (in the field) are briefly presented. Practical value. The presented information will help fish pathologists to choose the appropriate method for diagnosing the disease, selection of constituent reactions or a combination of several techniques to improve sensitivity. Key words. IPNV, diagnostics, RT-PCR, cell culture, biosensors.