Monitoring of the Enzymatic Reactions Course by Differential Microwave Dielectrometry Method in Real Time

Abstract

Enzymatic reactions are the basis of many biotechnological manufacturing and biomedical diagnostic procedures that require effective methods of monitoring over the reaction course. In the current paper, we present the results of the development of a new approach within the differential microwave dielectrometry method for the non-invasive monitoring of the course of enzymatic reactions based on the complex permittivity changes of these reactive mixture solutions in real time at a fixed frequency of 31.82 GHz. The dynamic studies of the dielectric parameters of selected enzymatic systems containing a protein substrate (immunoglobulin G, human serum albumin) and enzyme trypsin. The developed differential microwave dielectrometry setup has been performed to verify the proposed approach effectiveness for the enzymatic reaction monitoring in biomedical practice and the food industry. Our microwave dielectrometry results have been validated by the results of the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method for selected enzymatic systems. We propose a new approach to use the differential microwave dielectrometry method with high sensitivity (in average 0.5% and 3÷5% for the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity, respectively) to estimate the course of enzymatic reactions in real time.