Nematode Fauna Associated with Weeds in Vineyards in Aegean region of Türkiye

Abstract

Surveys were carried out between the years 2021-2022 to determine the nematode hosts of weeds in the vineyard areas of Izmir and Manisa provinces in the Aegean Region. Fifty-five weeds belonging to different families, Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Geraniaceae, Lamiaceae, and Poaceae, were identified in vineyards. In the study, 19 genera of free-living and 17 genera of plant feeder nematode species were extracted from the roots and rhizosphere soil of weeds. The detected nematode species were divided into herbivores, fungivores, omnivores, bacterivores, and predators. The majority of plant parasitic nematodes consisted of ectoparasitic species. On the other hand, Meloidogyne species were prominent among the plant parasitic nematode genera detected, and Amaranthus retroflexus L., Anagallis arvensis L., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Chenopodium album L., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn, Gallium aparine L., Heliotropium europaeum L., Lepidium draba L., Lamium amplexicaule L., Lactuca serriola L., Portulaca oleracea L. were identified as hosts. Pratylenchus neglectus, P. thornei, Longidorus elongatus, and Ditylenchus dipsaci were other economically important nematode species identified from the root zone of weeds. Bacterial feeder Cephalobus, omnivore Mesodorylaimus, and plant-parasitic Geocenamus brevidens had the highest populations counted as 61, 81, and 22 in 100 cm3 soil in survey areas, respectively.