The Investigation of Efficiency of Pheophorbide-A Mediated Sonodynamic Therapy on Prostate Cancer 3D Cell Culture Model

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of fjorbid-a-mediated sono-dynamic therapy in a 3D prostate cancer cell model. The effect of fjorbid-a-mediated sonodynamic therapy was examined by crystal violet staining in a 3D cell culture model created using human PC3 cells. Furthermore, apoptosis mechanisms were an-alyzed using Hoechst and propidium iodide staining (HOPI), and the levels of total oxidant (TOS) and total antioxidant (TAS) were assessed biochemically using cor-responding kits. Crystal violet staining was employed to assess the effectiveness of sonodynamic therapy facilitated by pheophorbide-a, revealing a substantial 75% re-duction in the viability of cancer cells. HOPI staining results indicated that there was no noteworthy increment in the count of apoptotic cells in the control, drug-only, or ultrasound-only groups. However, a remarkable 80% increase in apoptotic cell count was observed following pheophorbide-a-mediated sonodynamic treatment. Addi-tionally, biochemical measurements demonstrated elevated levels of Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and decreased levels of Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) in the treatment groups in comparison to the control groups. Based on the acquired data, it was estab-lished that pheophorbide-a-induced sonodynamic therapy for prostate cancer treat-ment diminishes cell viability by inducing apoptosis through oxidative stress in a 3D cell culture system.