Fabrication of 〈100〉-oriented Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3-modified BiFeO3-BaTiO3 ceramics and their piezoelectric properties

Abstract

Abstract Rhombohedral Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3-modified BiFeO3-BaTiO3 ceramics were successfully textured along the nonpolar 〈100〉 direction using the templated grain growth process for the first time. The textured 0.90(0.33BaTiO30.67BiFeO3)0.10Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 (33BTBF-10BMT) ceramics were fabricated by a 33BTBF-10BMT matrix with BT templates. The degree of orientation was investigated by various sintering temperatures, and the 80% oriented 33BTBF-10BMT along the 〈100〉 direction was achieved at a relatively high sintering temperature. However, the degree of orientation abruptly decreased at the highest sintering temperature of 1100 °C due to the large pores and low relative density. Based on the analysis of the unipolar strain measurements, the highest strain and d 33 * values were observed in the textured ceramics with 80% orientation. These textured ceramics exhibited approximately 0.3% strain and a d 33 * exceeding 400 pm V−1, representing approximately 1.5 times higher values compared to the nontextured ceramics.