Affiliation:
1. Institute for Lifecourse Development University of Greenwich London United Kingdom
2. Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD
3. Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD United States of America
4. Child Health Research Centre the University of Queensland Brisbane QLD
5. QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD
6. Institute of Child Protection Studies, Australian Catholic University Melbourne VIC
7. The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD
8. Institute for Community Health Research Hue University Hue City Vietnam
9. Crimes against Children Research Center University of New Hampshire Durham NH United States of America
10. University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom
11. North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
12. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research Brisbane QLD
13. Curtin University Perth WA
Abstract
AbstractObjectivesTo examine associations between child maltreatment and health service use, both overall, by type and by the number of types of maltreatment reported.Design, settingCross‐sectional, retrospective survey using the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire‐R2: Adapted Version (Australian Child Maltreatment Study); computer‐assisted mobile telephone interviews using random digit dialling, Australia, 9 April – 11 October 2021.ParticipantsAustralians aged 16 years or more. The target sample size was 8500 respondents: 3500 people aged 16–24 years and 1000 respondents each from the five age groups (25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65 years or more).Main outcome measuresSelf‐reported health service use during the past twelve months: hospital admissions, length of stay, and reasons for admission; and numbers of consultations with health care professionals, overall and by type. Associations between maltreatment and health service use are reported as odds ratios adjusted for age group, gender, socio‐economic status, financial hardship (childhood and current), and geographic remoteness.ResultsA total of 8503 participants completed the survey. Respondents who had experienced child maltreatment were significantly more likely than those who had not to report a hospital admission during the preceding twelve months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–1.66), particularly admission with a mental disorder (aOR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.03–5.6). The likelihood of six or more visits to general practitioners (aOR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.87–3.02) or of a consultation with a mental health nurse (aOR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.75–4.06), psychologist (aOR, 2.40; 95% CI, 2.00–2.88), or psychiatrist (aOR, 3.02; 95% CI, 2.25–4.04) were each higher for people who reported maltreatment during childhood. People who reported three or more maltreatment types were generally most likely to report greater health service use.ConclusionsChild maltreatment has a major impact on health service use. Early, targeted interventions are vital, not only for supporting children directly, but also for their longer term wellbeing and reducing their health system use throughout life.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Australian Government