PHENOLOGY OF THE SAN JOSE SCALE (HOMOPTERA: DIASPIDIDAE)

Abstract

AbstractPhenological events associated with control of San Jose scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock)) in deciduous tree fruit orchards of the western United States were modeled, using the Predictive Extension Timing Estimator (PETE). The model closely simulated adult male activity and first crawler emergence, although spring male emergence was too variable to rely entirely on accumulated degree days from 1 January for management decisions. Pheromone monitoring of spring males improves timing for control of subsequent crawlers when a biofix of 275°D from 1 January is used.