REVISION OF THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OFTRICHOCLINOCERACOLLIN (DIPTERA: EMPIDIDAE; CLINOCERINAE)

Abstract

AbstractThere are 16 species ofTrichoclinoceraCollin recognized from the Nearctic region, including eight new species. Four of six species-groups ofTrichoclinoceraare recognized in the Nearctic region, with the following included species: (1)T.comatagroup —T.cascadensissp.nov. (type-locality Starvation Creek, Oregon, U.S.A.),T.comata(Melander) comb.nov., andT.rupestrissp.nov. (type-locality Newton Creek, Wyoming, U.S.A.); (2)T.dolicheretmagroup —T.dolicheretma(Melander); (3)T.lapponicagroup —T.lapponica(Ringdahl) comb.nov.; (4)T.longipesgroup —T.agilissp.nov. (type-locality Fall Creek Falls, Tennessee, U.S.A.),T.ctenistes(Melander),T.dasycoxasp.nov. (type-locality Ottawa, Ontario, Canada),T.falcatasp.nov. (type-locality Gatineau Park, Quebec, Canada),T.fumosa(Vaillant) comb.nov.,T.hamifera(Melander),T.longipes(Walker).T.minor(Melander),T.ozarkensissp.nov. (type-locality Haw Creek Falls, Arkansas, U.S.A.), andT.pectinifemursp.nov. (type-locality Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.). The following new synonyms are proposed:T.brunnipennis(Melander) =T.dolicheretma; andSeguyella saltans(Vaillant) =T.hamifera. Lectotypes are designated forT.comata,T.ctenistes,T.dolicheretma,T.brunnipennis,T.hamifera,T.lapponica, andT.stackelbergiCollin.SeguyellaVaillant andAcanthoclinoceraSaigusa are newly synonymized withTrichoclinoceraand all species formerly placed in these genera are transferred toTrichoclinocera, exceptAcanthoclinocera glaucescens(Brunetti) which is transferred asWiedemannia glaucescens(Brunetti) comb.nov.This revision includes a key to Nearctic species, a description of each species, and maps of species distributions. Homologies of male terminalia of Clinocerinae are summarized and the first descriptions of the immature stages of species ofTrichoclinoceraalso are provided. A world list of described species ofTrichoclinocerais provided and all species are assigned to one of six species-groups, exceptT.cummingisp.nov. (type-locality Robber’s Cave, Oklahoma. U.S.A.),T.fluviatilis(Brunetti) comb.nov.,T.fuscipennisSaigusa, andT.maewaSmith, which remain unplaced. The monophyly ofTrichoclinocerais justified and phylogenetic relationships to the remaining Clinocerinae and among species-groups are discussed.