Craniotopographic Characteristics of Sinuous-Liquor Relationships in Mature People

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to determine the craniotopographic (craniometric) indicators of sinuous-liquor relationships in the horizontal plane in people of the first and second periods of mature age, based on the maximum permissible depth of its introduction. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the dura mater of the brain with its sinuses, the ventricles of the brain and the vault of the skull of mature people. The study was performed on 100 corpses of people of different ages and gender with the manufacturing of native preparations of the brain with membranes and liquor structures. Of the indicated number of morphological objects, 70 preparations of veins and sinuses of the dura mater of the brain and 30 preparations of the cerebrospinal fluid system of the brain of mature people were made. The study used such research methods as: macro- and micropreparation of anatomical objects of the brain; cranio- and morphometry of veins, sinuses of the dura mater of the brain and liquor structures of the brain; manufacturing of corrosive (acrylic) casts – preparations of veins, sinuses of the dura mater of the brain and liquor formations of the brain; injection technique; variational-statistical analysis of morphometric data; computer-graphic analysis. Results and discussion. As a result of the study, it was found that the puncture of the central part of the lateral ventricle is better to be performed at the level of the bregma point, or between this point and the vertex (v). The puncture needle penetrates to a depth of 6.0–7.0 cm through the milling hole, which is displaced by 3.0–4.0 cm from the arrow line at an angle of 70–75°. The obtained data make it possible to determine the most optimal craniometric puncture points of the cerebrospinal fluid system of the brain. To penetrate into the cavity of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, the metopion point is proposed, which is located at the intersection of the median plane of the head with the line connecting the most convex areas of the frontal humps. The upper puncture of the lateral ventricle is better to be performed by puncturing at the bregma point (the point of connection of the sagittal and coronal sutures) 2.0 cm from the midline (sagittal plane); the needle is directed down and backwards and at a depth of 5–6 cm (taking into account that it is enlarged and stretched) it enters the ventricular cavity. The suboccipital puncture or a puncture of the cerebellar-cerebral cistern must be performed between the opisthocranion and lambda points. The puncture needle is inserted to a depth of 6.0–7.5 cm, and the end of the needle is gradually lowered to the base of the skull. Conclusion. The most optimal puncture points of the constituent parts of the cerebrospinal fluid system of the brain – the cavity of the anterior horn and the central part of the lateral ventricle, the cavity of the cerebellar-cerebral cistern – were determined using craniometric analysis