Effect of Physical Therapy Program on Improving the Functional Condition of the Cardiovascular System in Middle Aged Women with Hypertension

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to prove the effectiveness of the developed program of physical therapy for women with hypertension based on the indicators of the functional state of the cardiovascular system. Materials and methods. The paper presents an analysis and generalization of modern scientific and methodological literature of domestic and foreign authors according to the Internet and the PubMed resource. A large group of medical and biological methods was used: 6-minute walk test, tonometry, registration of electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram and heart rate variability. Results and discussion. Based on the analysis of literature sources, it was found that in the problem of physical therapy of people with hypertension there are a number of unresolved issues regarding their use for effective recovery and increase adaptability. The program of physical therapy for women with hypertension was developed based on data on the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, as well as data from previous examinations. That is why the therapies were selected according to their effect on the mechanisms of blood pressure regulation. After physical therapy according to our proposed program, the 6-minute test in women of the main group probably (p <0.05) increased and amounted to 512.52±14.30 meters, which is 105.05 meters more. In women of the comparison group, this figure increased by 50.5 meters. Statistically significant (p <0.05) decreased systolic and diastolic pressure to 128.2±8.9 mm Hg and 82.3±4.1, respectively. In the women of the comparison group, these reductions were not statistically significant. The ratio of sympathetic to parasympathetic activity in terms of heart rate variability changed in women of the main group from 1.7±0.11 to 0.53±0.03 (p <0.05), due to a decrease in sympathetic and increased parasympathetic activity, which also manifested in a reduction in the QT interval of the electrocardiogram. In women of the comparison group, the ratio of sympathetic to parasympathetic activity changed from 1.7±0.18 to 1.04±0.06 (p <0.05). After physical therapy in 100% of cases in women of the main group the power and in 85% the frequency of α-electrocardiogram rhythm decreased, which indicated a decrease in excitability and increased energy intensity of central processes. In women of the comparison group, these figures were 74% and 60%, respectively. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the feasibility of selected means and methods of physical therapy for middle-aged women with hypertension