The Physiological Assessment of Accompanying Changes in Hemodynamics in Persons with Visual Disorders at the Beginning of the Physical Therapy Program in Sanatorium

Abstract

Today, an important issue is the problem of the prevalence of partial or complete loss of vision of the working population and its secondary pathology. The primary involvement of the cardiovascular system in the pathological process of this contingent is manifested by functional changes in hemodynamic parameters. The negative trend is exacerbated by forced hypokinesia and overweight visually impaired people. The purpose of the study was to analyze and assess the hemodynamic parameters of middle-aged people with visual pathology, to find out the possibility of expanding the choice of special means of physical therapy that increases the functional state of the cardiovascular system. Materials and methods. The study involved 54 people of middle age with disabilities and pathologies: retinal detachment, myopia with astigmatism, cataracts and glaucoma with a visual remainder of up to 10%, and persons with absolute vision loss. Copying of data from medical documentation and the subsequent analysis of the information received, examination, collection of anamnesis, instrumental methods of studying their hemodynamic parameters and methods of mathematical data processing were used. Results and discussion. In the course of complex medical examinations, grade I arterial hypertension, which was diagnosed by specialists, was found in 14.81% of people. According to the comparison of the actual blood pressure indicators with the clinical guidelines of the International Society of Hypertension (2020), 51.85% of the contingent showed "highly normal" values towards pathological changes. The tendency of a significant decrease also related to the indicators of systolic volume and minute volume of blood circulation. A low level of the body's tolerance to physical activity was established at 62.96% due to the examined patients with complete loss of vision. Conclusion. In the sanatorium-resort conditions, the program of physical therapy of the surveyed included standard means (physiotherapy exercises, massage, mechanotherapy, spatial orientation and psychocorrection). In the course of the study, to expand the existing components of the physical therapy program, the following ones were selected: hydrokinesis therapy, special corrective exercises with "fitball-aerobics" and dance therapy, health path, Scandinavian walking