Relationship between vertical and horizontal force-velocity-power profiles in various sports and levels of practice

Author:

Jiménez-Reyes Pedro12,Samozino Pierre3,García-Ramos Amador45ORCID,Cuadrado-Peñafiel Víctor6,Brughelli Matt7,Morin Jean-Benoît78

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of San Antonio, Murcia, Spain

2. Centre for Sport Studies, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain

3. Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la motricité (EA7424), University of Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget du Lac, France

4. Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

5. Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, CIEDE, Catholic University of the Most Holy Concepción, Concepción, Chile

6. Department of Health and Human Performance, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

7. Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand

8. Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Education Sport Santé, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France

Abstract

This study aimed (i) to explore the relationship between vertical (jumping) and horizontal (sprinting) force–velocity–power (FVP) mechanical profiles in a large range of sports and levels of practice, and (ii) to provide a large database to serve as a reference of the FVP profile for all sports and levels tested. A total of 553 participants (333 men, 220 women) from 14 sport disciplines and all levels of practice participated in this study. Participants performed squat jumps (SJ) against multiple external loads (vertical) and linear 30–40 m sprints (horizontal). The vertical and horizontal FVP profile (i.e., theoretical maximal values of force (F0), velocity (v0), and power (Pmax)) as well as main performance variables (unloaded SJ height in jumping and 20-m sprint time) were measured. Correlations coefficient between the same mechanical variables obtained from the vertical and horizontal modalities ranged from −0.12 to 0.58 for F0, −0.31 to 0.71 for v0, −0.10 to 0.67 for Pmax, and −0.92 to −0.23 for the performance variables (i.e, SJ height and sprint time). Overall, results showed a decrease in the magnitude of the correlations for higher-level athletes. The low correlations generally observed between jumping and sprinting mechanical outputs suggest that both tasks provide distinctive information regarding the FVP profile of lower-body muscles. Therefore, we recommend the assessment of the FVP profile both in jumping and sprinting to gain a deeper insight into the maximal mechanical capacities of lower-body muscles, especially at high and elite levels.

Funder

Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport

National Program for “Mobility stays abroad ‘José Castillejo’ for young doctors”

Publisher

PeerJ

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

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