Exploring the transcriptome ofluxI−andΔainSmutants and the impact of N-3-oxo-hexanoyl-L- and N-3-hydroxy-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactones on biofilm formation inAliivibrio salmonicida

Author:

Khider Miriam1ORCID,Hansen Hilde1,Hjerde Erik12ORCID,Johansen Jostein A.1,Willassen Nils Peder12

Affiliation:

1. Norwegian Structural Biology Centre, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

2. Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

Abstract

BackgroundBacterial communication through quorum sensing (QS) systems has been reported to be important in coordinating several traits such as biofilm formation. InAliivibrio salmonicidatwo QS systems the LuxI/R and AinS/R, have been shown to be responsible for the production of eight acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) in a cell density dependent manner. We have previously demonstrated that inactivation of LitR, the master regulator of the QS system resulted in biofilm formation, similar to the biofilm formed by the AHL deficient mutantΔainSluxI. In this study, we aimed to investigate the global gene expression patterns ofluxIandainSautoinducer synthases mutants using transcriptomic profiling. In addition, we examined the influence of the different AHLs on biofilm formation.ResultsThe transcriptome profiling ofΔainSandluxImutants allowed us to identify genes and gene clusters regulated by QS inA. salmonicida. Relative to the wild type, theΔainSandluxImutants revealed 29 and 500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. The functional analysis demonstrated that the most pronounced DEGs were involved in bacterial motility and chemotaxis, exopolysaccharide production, and surface structures related to adhesion. Inactivation ofluxI, but notainSgenes resulted in wrinkled colony morphology. While inactivation of both genes (ΔainSluxI) resulted in strains able to form wrinkled colonies and mushroom structured biofilm. Moreover, when theΔainSluxImutant was supplemented with N-3-oxo-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3OC6-HSL) or N-3-hydroxy-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3OHC10-HSL), the biofilm did not develop. We also show that LuxI is needed for motility and for repression of EPS production, where repression of EPS is likely operated through the RpoQ-sigma factor.ConclusionThese findings imply that the LuxI and AinS autoinducer synthases play a critical role in the regulation of biofilm formation, EPS production, and motility.

Funder

UiT, The Arctic University of Norway

Publisher

PeerJ

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

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