Litter inputs and standing stocks in riparian zones and streams under secondary forest and managed and abandoned cocoa agroforestry systems

Author:

Rialli Santos Brandão Haialla Carolina1ORCID,Andrade Coqueiro Moraes Camila2ORCID,Silva Ana Paula2,Gonçalves Júnior José Francisco3ORCID,de Souza Rezende Renan4ORCID,Mariano Lopes da Silva Daniela5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Programa de Pós Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil

2. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil

3. AquaRiparia/Lab. de Limnologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil

4. Universidade Comunitária da Região do Chapecó, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil

5. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil

Abstract

Background Cocoa is an important tropical tree crop that is mainly cultivated in agroforestry systems (AFS). This system, known as cabruca in northeastern Brazil, holds promise to reconcile biodiversity conservation and economic development. However, since cocoa AFS alters forest structure composition, it can affect litter dynamics in riparian zones and streams. Thus, our objective was to determine litter inputs and standing stocks in riparian zones and streams under three types of forest: managed cocoa AFS, abandoned cocoa AFS, and secondary forest. Methods We determined terrestrial litter fall (TI), vertical (VI) and lateral (LI) litter inputs to streams, and litter standing stocks on streambeds (BS) in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil. Litter was collected every 30 days from August 2018 to July 2019 using custom-made traps. The litter was dried, separated into four fractions (leaves, branches, reproductive organs, and miscellaneous material) and weighed. Results Terrestrial litter fall was similar in all forests, ranging from 89 g m−2 month−1 in secondary forest (SF) to 96 g m−2 month−1 in abandoned cocoa AFS (AC). Vertical input were higher in AC (82 g m−2 month−1) and MC (69 g m−2 month−1) than in SF (40 g m−2 month−1), whereas lateral input were higher in MC (43 g m−2 month−1) than in AC (15 g m−2 month−1) and SF (24 g m−2 month−1). Standing stocks followed the order SF > AC > MC, corresponding to 425, 299 and 152 g m−2. Leaves contributed most to all litter fractions in all forests. Reproductive plant parts accounted for a larger proportion in managed AFS. Branches and miscellaneous litter were also similar in all forests, except for higher benthic standing stocks of miscellaneous litter in the SF. Despite differences in the amounts of litter inputs and standing stocks among the forests, seasonal patterns in the abandoned AFS (AC) were more similar to those of the secondary forest (SF) than the managed AFS, suggesting potential of abandoned AFS to restore litter dynamics resembling those of secondary forests.

Funder

UESC

CNPq

FAPESB Scholarship

Publisher

PeerJ

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

Reference65 articles.

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5. Distribution of oxidizable organic C fractions in soils under cacao agroforestry systems in Southern Bahia;Barreto;Brazil Agroforestry Systems,2011

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