1. Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science Graduate Program, University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaiʻi, United States of America
2. Hawaiʻi Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo, Hawaiʻi National Park, Hawaiʻi, United States of America
3. Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaiʻi National Park, Hawaiʻi, United States of America
4. School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada - Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America