1. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2. Centre for Automotive Research, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
3. Technical College Al-Mussaib, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon, Iraq