Affiliation:
1. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
2. Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
3. School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Abstract
The cyanobacteriumArthrospirais among the most well-known food supplements worldwide known as “Spirulina.” While it is a widely recognized health-promoting natural product, there are no reports on the molecular diversity of commercially available brands of “Spirulina” supplements and the occurrence of other cyanobacterial and heterotrophic bacterial microorganisms in these products. In this study, 454-pyrosequencing analysis of the total bacterial occurrence in 31 brands of “Spirulina” dietary supplements from the Greek market was applied for the first time. In all samples, operational taxonomic units (OTUs) ofArthrospira platensiswere the predominant cyanobacteria. Some products contained additional cyanobacterial OTUs including a few known potentially toxic taxa. Moreover, 469 OTUs were detected in all 31 products collectively, with most of them being related to the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. All samples included heterotrophic bacterial OTUs, ranging from 9–157 per product. Among the most common OTUs were ones closely related to taxa known for causing health issues (i.e.,Pseudomonas,Flavobacterium,Vibrio,Aeromonas,Clostridium,Bacillus,Fusobacterium,Enterococcus). The observed high cyanobacterial and heterotrophic bacterial OTUs richness in the final product is a point for further research on the growth and processing ofArthrospirabiomass for commercial purposes.
Funder
Operational Program “Education and Lifelong Learning”
European Union (European Social Fund)
Greek National Funds (National Strategic Reference Framework: Archimides III)
Subject
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience
Cited by
29 articles.
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