Two new species of Parahesione (Annelida: Hesionidae) associated with ghost shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) and their phylogenetic relationships

Author:

Jimi Naoto12,Nakajima Hiroki3,Sato Taigi3,Gonzalez Brett C.4ORCID,Woo Sau Pinn5,Rouse Greg W.6ORCID,Britayev Temir7

Affiliation:

1. Nagoya University, Toba, Japan

2. Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia

3. University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan

4. Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Washington D.C., United States

5. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia

6. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, California, United States

7. AN Severtzov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

Two new species of Hesionidae, Parahesione pulvinata sp. nov. and Parahesione apiculata sp. nov. are described based on materials collected at tidal flats in Okinawa (Japan) from burrows of the ghost shrimps Neocallichirus jousseaumei and Glypturus armatus. The two new species are characterized by having eight enlarged cirri, dorsal cirrophores with dorsal foliose lobe and biramous parapodia, and by lacking median antenna. Parahesione apiculata sp. nov. has digitate lobes on the posterior margin of the dorsal foliose lobe (absent in P. pulvinata sp. nov.). The two new species were never found outside the ghost shrimp burrows, suggesting they are obligate symbionts. Phylogenetic analyses based on four concatenated genes suggest that the symbiotic lifestyle has evolved several times in Hesionidae.

Funder

JSPS KAKENHI

Environment Research and Technology Development Fund

Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency

Christensen Foundation

Publisher

PeerJ

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

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