Survival Rates and Prognostic Factors in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Registry-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus. Our knowledge about the survival rate and prognostic factors of the disease is not established well. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the survival of COVID-19 cases in Hamadan province, West of Iran. Study design: A retrospective cohort study Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed in Hamadan province, West of Iran. The study included patients that referred to the provincial hospitals from February 20 to September 20, 2020. The follow-up of each subject was calculated from the date of onset of respiratory symptoms to the date of death. Demographic and clinical characteristics were extracted from patients’ medical records. Kaplan-Meier method, Flemington-Harrington test, and Cox regression were used for data analysis. Results: The overall 1, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 49-day survival rates were estimated at 99.57%, 95.61%, 91.15%, 87.34%, 86.91%, and 86.74%, respectively. Furthermore, survival time showed a significant association with age, gender, history of traveling to contaminated areas, co-morbidity, neoplasms, chronic diseases, and hospital units. Conclusions: In conclusion, elderly people, male gender, and comorbidities presented a greater risk of death. Therefore, it is important to pay more attention to this group of people to reduce the incidence and consequences after infection.