Trends in Herpes Zoster Infection in Saudi Arabia; A Call for Expanding Access to Shingles Vaccination

Abstract

Background: Data on Herpes Zoster (HZ) incidence and complications in Saudi Arabia (KSA) are unknown. We aim to evaluate the trends in HZ cases and complications in Saudi Arabia to aid decision makers in optimizing vaccine access. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted among patients with history of HZ throughout KSA between June and December 2021. 68 patients were included and data were collected by online questionnaire and telephone interviews. Results: Females were predominantly affected by HZ. Overall mean age at diagnosis was 39.43±16.50 years. Among all the symptoms; painful blisters were frequently reported in 81% of participants. Symptoms continued for <30 days in two-thirds of the participants, while others remained symptomatic for a longer period. Most females, 40 (59%), were non-pregnant or lactating at time of the infection. Medications used were analgesics, antiviral drug therapy and herbal remedies with 36 (53%) using analgesics alone. The majority of participants, 56 (82%), were not vaccinated against HZ. Conclusion: HZ is a prevalent condition affecting a wide range of patients including geriatrics. Available vaccine products help in reducing both the incidence of HZ and its complications. With the given efficacy of the vaccine products, vaccine access should be widened across KSA. Keywords: Herpes Zoster, Healthcare, Vaccination, Shingles, Public Health