The prevalence and outcome of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteraemia over a 5 year period at tertiary care in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objective: To identify bacteraemia of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, susceptibilities, and which antibiotic was used. Methods: A record-based retrospective study was conducted on those who were admitted to Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region – Khamis Mushet, Saudi Arabia, during the period from January 2017 until January 2021 and who had positive blood culture for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia during admission. Results: We collected data from 34 patients with mean age of 65.4 years old (SD=19.9). Moreover, we found that 73.5 % of the patients were males. Intubation was reported among 61.8 % of the patients with mean duration of 12.6 days. Moreover, tracheostomy was reported in 35.3 % of the patients with mean duration of 52.5 days. Single antibiotic regimen was applied in 67.6 % of cases while two- antibiotics regimen was applied in 32.4 % of them. Ceftazidime was used in 55.9 % of the patients, levofloxacin was used only in 23.5 % of the patients and trimeth/sulfa was used in 41.2 % of the patients. According to susceptibility tests, ceftazidime showedthe highest level of resistance (27.3 %) and trimeth/sulfa showed the highest level of sensitivity Conclusion: We found that our drug of choice is trimeth/Sulfa when considering treatment of positive patients with S. maltophilia. Stenotrophomonas incidence is common in patients with comorbidities than the normal population. Keywords: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteraemia, prevalence, outcome