Successful treatment of acute aluminium phosphide poisoning: possible benefit of coconut oil

Author:

Shadnia Shahin1,Rahimi Mojgan,Pajoumand Abdolkarim,Rasouli Mohammad-Hosein2,Abdollahi Mohammad3

Affiliation:

1. Poison Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shaheed-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran; Laboratory of Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran, Iran

2. Poison Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shaheed-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran

Abstract

Aluminium phosphide is used to control rodents and pests in grain storage facilities. It produces phosphine gas, which is a mitochondrial poison. Unfortunately, there is no known antidote for aluminium phosphide intoxication, but our recent experience with a case showed that rapid prevention of absorption by coconut oil might be helpful. In the present case, we used the same protocol in a 28-year-old man who had ingested a lethal amount (12 g) of aluminium phosphide with suicidal intent and was admitted to hospital approximately 6 hours postingestion. The patient had signs and symptoms of severe toxicity, and his clinical course included metabolic acidosis and liver dysfunction. Treatment consisted of gastric lavage with potassium permanganate solution, oral administration of charcoal and sorbitol suspension, intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate, magnesium sulphate and calcium gluconate, and oral administration of sodium bicarbonate and coconut oil. Conservative and supportive therapy in the Intensive Care Unit was also provided. The patient survived following rapid treatment and supportive care. It is concluded that coconut oil has a positive clinical significance and can be added to the treatment protocol of acute aluminium phosphide poisoning in humans.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Toxicology,General Medicine

Reference32 articles.

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2. Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning—A Review

3. Acute Phosphine Poisoning Aboard a Grain Freighter

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