Case Report: Traumatic Optic Neuropathy Secondary to Gun Shot Wound

Abstract

This report discusses a patient with history of a cranial gunshot wound that resulted in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy [TON]. TON is a condition that is caused by direct or indirect trauma to the orbit or head. It is suspected that the mechanical shearing forces endured from such trauma causes diffuse axonal injury, ischemia, necrosis, and/or apoptosis of neurons. Other than observation alone, the management of TON is considered controversial. Various studies investigated the use of high-dose corticosteroid therapy, optic nerve decompression, and intravenous erythropoietin; however, the benefits of each strategy are unclear. The ocular and visual sequelae of TON may present as uniquely as the individual who exhibits them. Treatment and management of TON should be considered on a case-by-case basis.