Medicinal Value, Biological Characteristics, and Domestication of the Wild Mushroom Pholiota adiposa (Agaricomycetes)

Abstract

<i>Pholiota adiposa</i> is an important edible and medicinal mushroom with high nutritional and medicinal effects. The fruiting body of wild fungi collected from Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, was identified by morphological description and molecular identification, the biological characteristics and domestication of the fungus was determined by single factor and orthogonal tests. The wild strain isolated was determined to be <i>Ph. adiposa</i> based on morphological characteristics, sequence alignment between ITS and nLSU, and phylogenetic relationship analysis. The single factor results revealed that the optimal carbon source, nitrogen source, culture temperature, and pH for the mycelia growth of <i>Ph. adiposa</i> were glucose, yeast paste, 25&#176;C, and pH 6.5-7.0, respectively. Orthogonal test showed that the optimal formula for mycelia culture was fructose 20 g/L, yeast extract 6 g/L, KH₂PO₄ 1 g/L and MgSO₄ 2.5 g/L. The highest single bag yield of the fruiting body of <i>Ph. adiposa</i> was 24.96 g in the culture medium formula of sawdust (20&#37;), wheat bran (10&#37;), soybean powder (1&#37;), and quicklime powder (1&#37;). The results will provide basic information for the protection, utilization and domestication of the resources of <i>Ph. adiposa.</i>