Specifics of realization of strategic projects in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation

Abstract

Aim. To identify the specifics of realization of strategic projects in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (RF).Objectives. To define the actual territory of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation; to characterize the natural and climatic conditions and the significance of natural resources of the region; to analyze the importance and role of the Arctic zone in the Russian economy, energy and ecology; to identify the features and problems of infrastructure, transport and logistics in the Arctic zone; to establish indicators of the quality of urban environment; to identify the cities of the Arctic zone with the most and least favorable urban environment.Methods. Based on the strategy methodology of the scientific school of the Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) V. L. Kvint. L. Kvint, a number of factors that have a significant impact on the development and implementation of strategic projects in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation have been identified. The authors applied the following research methods: data interpretation, information-logical analysis, situational analysis, generalization.Results. The peculiarities of the development of strategically important projects to be implemented in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation are due to the fact that the Arctic is a territory with specific harsh natural and climatic conditions and, at the same time, a strategically important region rich in natural resources and, consequently, playing a significant role in the geopolitical context. In this regard, the development and subsequent successful implementation of projects in the Arctic is a complex task that requires taking into account the unique characteristics of the region. The author analyzes the importance and role of the Arctic zone in the context of the Russian economy, energy and environment, as well as the impact of climatic conditions and geographical remoteness of the Arctic on the process of development and possible implementation of projects in the region. The peculiarities and problems of infrastructure, transportation and logistics in the Arctic zone are identified, and the need to ensure environmental sustainability of the projects under development is substantiated. As an important aspect in the development and implementation of projects in the Arctic zone, the authors see interaction with indigenous peoples, taking into account their opinions and interests. The scientific novelty of the study consists in identifying the specifics of strategic projects implementation in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, determined by factors of three main groups. The classification including natural-climatic, socio-economic and production-economic factors that constitute the specifics of regional development of the Arctic zone has been developed. The main indicators of urban environment quality are determined and the cities of the Arctic zone with the most and least favorable urban environment are identified.Conclusions. In the article the authors summarize the theoretical and practical experience of development and implementation of strategically significant socio-economic, environmental, transport projects in the Arctic zone. The conducted research shows the necessity of realization of socially oriented strategy, substantiates the expediency of application of complex approach, taking into account the interests of all participants of the projects, and the balance between economic prospects and preservation of natural resources.