Russian Active Measures in Cyberspace through the Lens of Security Sectors

Abstract

This article examines Russian active measures in cyberspace, focusing on the implications for across security sectors. Initially, the study contextualizes the increasing reliance on cyberspace for conducting subversive activities that target military, political, societal, and economic structures, particularly after the Ukrainian Euromaidan in 2013. Utilizing a qualitative analysis of open-source data, the research identifies the diverse tactics employed by Russian actors, including sophisticated use of code and content to manipulate public perception and governmental processes. Key findings reveal that while activities in the military and political sectors are characterized by a high degree of technological sophistication, societal sectors predominantly face threats from disinformation campaigns. Notably, no significant cyber active measures were detected within the environmental sector. The study concludes that Russian cyber tactics are deeply embedded in their broader geopolitical strategy, necessitating robust countermeasures. Enhanced cybersecurity policies and international cooperation are recommended to bolster resilience against such foreign malign influences.