1. Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
2. Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
3. Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
4. Department of Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China