1. Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
2. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
3. Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
4. Department of Urology, Odawara Municipal Hospital, Odawara, Japan
5. Department of Urology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
6. Department of Urology, Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
7. Department of Urology, International Goodwill Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
8. Department of Urology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
9. Department of Urology, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
10. Department of Urology, Chigasaki Municipal Hospital, Chigasaki, Japan
11. Department of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Hadano Hospital, Hadano, Japan
12. Department of Urology, Hiratsuka Kyousai Hospital, Hiratsuka, Japan
13. Department of Urology, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan
14. Department of Urology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
15. Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
16. Department of Urology, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
17. Department of Urology, Yokohama Minami Kyousai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
18. Department of Urology, Yokosuka Kyousai Hospital, Yokosuka, Japan
19. Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan